It was my
Irish Catholic grandmother from Missouri, a refugee from the Dust Bowl, who first
turned my attention to the work of
Leo Politi.
She loved his books and paintings, and that was strange.
She did not seem to find much connection with
the Latinos that populated her adopted city, but maybe in their search for
gainful employment on the farms up and down the state they triggered some empathy
with what she knew in her life, the life of the farm, its hardships and
difficulties and back-breaking labor.
Politi was born in the
central valley farming town of Fresno in 1908.
His parents were Italian and they owned a vineyard there and raised horses. During the Great War, the Politi family
returned to their native land taking six year old Leo away from his American
life but they could not stop him from drawing.
He drew on every piece of paper he could find and at fifteen, won a
scholarship to study art.
In 1931, at the tender
age of twenty-two, Leo returned to California and fell in love with a young
waitress named Helen Fontes.
While she
brought customers their dinner orders, Leo sketched her.
He bought her a ring at Woolworth’s for
fifteen cents.
Married and living in Los
Angeles, Leo began drawing and painting the people and shops on the most famous
Latino street in the city,
Olvera Street, which is now a well-known tourist
attraction.
His work morphed into
illustrated children’s books, and he won many awards, including the prestigious
Caldecott Medal in 1950 for his book,
The Song of the Swallows. His work
celebrated not only the Latino community he found on the street, but the
vibrant colors of the cultural milieu.
He particularly loved the yellows, the browns, the burnt sienna sunsets,
all earth tones and village color palettes of Latino heritage going back to
Mexico, Central America, and South America.
Politi seemed to connect with that culture, steeped in Catholicism and Church
rituals.
His scenes came from the
pueblo, the early days of Los Angeles, rich with music and dance and
crafts.
For his love of Latino culture,
he is a unique figure in California art, a true treasure of the city.
However, during his lifetime, he was often
poor and destitute, and he sold some of his work for pennies just to provide
his family with food and clothing.
His
work now is worth much more.
Politi died in
1996.
According to
his obituary in the
Los Angeles Times, “a park near Dodger
Stadium bears his name, as does an elementary school in the Pico-Union district”
not far from the special street he loved.
The article goes on to say that like his subjects, Politi was always “simple
and humble.”
I recently acquired new
copies of four books I remembered from my grandmother’s library. They are the most celebrated children’s
stories of Leo Politi published by Getty Publications. The tales are simple and heartwarming, but at
first I thought they could just as easily be too naïve, too simple. I remember, over the years, hearing that some
Latino activists were up-in-arms over the depiction of the simple Mexican
characters in the books. This is a
miscasting of Politi’s work. His Los
Angeles, however, is an idealized place, a small pueblo where people supported
each other in their small businesses and looked out for one another in daily
life. I find Politi’s books no different
than Thornton Wilder’s Our Town or
his fellow artist from Fresno, William Saroyan and his Ithaca as portrayed in
the novel The Human Comedy. These fictional towns like the Los Angeles in
Politi’s work are based on truth. They
are the places denoting a simpler time, but the naiveté they portray does not
negate their importance to the American narrative. The story of America is the story of small
towns, and turning those long ago places into sepia memories is part of American
history.
In
Pedro The Angel of Olvera Street (1946),
a young boy with a gift for song prepares with his community for the coming
Christmas holiday.
The Latino businesses
and the people of the community pull together to put on the yearly Christmas
pageant.
Olvera Street becomes a
stand-in for Bethlehem, and the tradition of
Las Posadas is re-enacted in a
beautiful candle-lit ceremony through the streets.
For this book, Politi was a runner-up for the
Caldecott Medal in 1946.
He would go on
to win the award for
Song of the Swallows
(1950), the illustrated story of the swallows returning each March to the
Mission San Juan Capistrano.
Juanita (1948) was a Caldecott runner-up
and details the Easter celebration on Olvera Street through the eyes of a
daughter of a shop keeper.
Emmet (1971) is the story of a wayward
pooch who causes trouble in the neighborhood but winds up saving lives when
fire breaks out.
All the books are beautifully
illustrated in the vibrant colors of Politi’s best work. They are treasures to have and hold, and I am
so happy Getty Publications has reissued them in hardback editions. Leo Politi is Los Angeles’ own painter and
story teller, an artist who has left a lasting impression on the city. Olvera Street might seem a little too touristy
today, even a little tacky, but it is part of the history of the city. Today it exists as a Mexican marketplace that
tries to preserve that history in modern times.
It is well worth the time to walk the streets Politi walked and see the
sights, sounds and smells he tried to capture in his most vibrant work.